Multilateral Diplomacy and Human Rights in the Middle East
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65826/IJPIR.1.2.2026.30Keywords:
Human Rights, Multilateral Diplomacy, Universal Jurisdiction, Middle East Conflicts, International LawAbstract
This study adopts a qualitative comparative case study approach and is guided by an institutionalist perspective. The role of multilateral diplomacy in the promotion and protection of human rights in the Middle East will be examined with focus on Palestine and Iraq War case studies. This research relied on qualitative methods of research whereby the relevant information was derived from the existing literature and primary sources. As a result of the research conducted, it was established that multilateral mechanisms can be effective in the promotion and protection of human rights if there is no interference with their functioning. Such interference could be seen in the form of veto power employed by the permanent members of the UN Security Council and the influence exercised by the permanent members on international judicial bodies. Based on this research, it has been established that despite the importance of multilateral diplomacy in the promotion and protection of human rights, it is necessary to find ways of ensuring that such diplomacy works in practice. The use of selective sanctions, promoting the concept of universal jurisdiction, and minimizing the influence of permanent members through the entire process help accomplish this goal. The study contributes to the literature by providing comparative analysis of Palestine and Iraq, highlighting how geopolitical interests constrain multilateral effectiveness.
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